Wiring & diagram Info: basic

Monday, October 13, 2014

Infrared Light Photo Detector Circuit This is a basic infrared light photo detector circuit In this circuit the light falling on the phototransistor

Infrared Light Photo-Detector Circuit

This is a basic infrared light photo detector circuit. In this circuit the light falling on the phototransistor will be from an Infrared Light Emitting Diode (IrLED) but otherwise it is the same as the phototransistor circuit shown above.

When the light falling on the phototransistor (Q1) is blocked, its conductance will decrease and the voltage across Q1 will rise. When the voltage rises above 1/2 of the supply voltage the output of the comparator will turn ON and the LED will be lit.

Source: Infrared Light Photo-Detector

Basic Electrical Upgrades

A vehicles electrical consists of many parts but the ones were interested in are the battery, the alternator, and the power wiring. A vehicle electrical system is a 12 volt DC system. The primary source of power when the vehicle is NOT running is the battery. The primary source of power when the vehicle IS running is the alternator. This is a very important point so remember it. The primary functions of the battery are to start the vehicle and provide power when the vehicle is not running. Because the batterys stored power is so great it is important to treat it with respect. Its the automotive equivalent of a loaded gun. It has the power to stop your heart and can burn your vehicle up if an unfused power wire is shorted to ground. Always remember to disconnect the negative battery cable before doing any work on a stereo system. NOTE: If your radio has a security feature that requires a secret code to be input after power has been disconnected make sure you know this code before you begin.

Depending on your cars factory electrical system, you may not have enough power to run your aftermarket stereo system. You probably do unless you have a multi-megawatt system or an extremely tiny alternator. If your battery goes dead often after the installation of your new stereo you may have an electrical system problem. Have your battery and electrical system tested by a qualified technician. If everything checks out then you probably are in need of an upgrade. Here are some of the common problems and their likely cures.

Adding a Second Battery
Many people are under the impression that adding a second battery will cure their electrical

problems. If one battery is good then two must be better. Right? Wrong. Remember that the function of a battery is to start the vehicle and to provide power when the vehicle is not running. The only thing a second battery will help you with is "parking lot" listening time. Basically it will provide you the additional capacity to run your stereo longer without starting the vehicle. After the vehicle is started the second battery becomes another load on an already overworked alternator. If you do replace your battery I would recommend getting one from Optima or one of the other specialty battery manufacturers such as Stinger or Rockford Fosgate.

Upgrading Your Alternator
Frequent dead batteries are a good indication that your electrical system isnt keeping up and you may need to upgrade your alternator. Doing so will give you more juice to run all of your electrical components, including your stereo system, without looking to the battery for help. The problem is your alternator is undersized for your new electrical requirements and has to look to

the battery to provide the extra power, resulting in shortened battery life. Have a qualified technician verify this before investing in a larger alternator. Hopefully you can find a larger alternator from your vehicles manufacturer that will interface with your existing system. Consult the manufacturer or the local dealer to find out about this. If not then you can look to the aftermarket manufacturers to see what is available. Check with Ohio Generator or Stinger for high output models.

Power Capacitors
Another solution is to add a power or Stiffening™ capacitor. This device acts as an electrical storage "buffer". It stores power until needed for high electrical demands such as heavy bass

notes. If your headlights dim when you have you stereo cranked then you MAY benefit from one of these. This is most noticeable when music with a heavy beat is played. Your headlights will dim to the beat. This is being caused by a voltage drop that is being created by the large power demands of your amplifier(s). A power capacitor will help fill in the gaps in the energy required by your amplifiers. Because of their low internal resistance they can deliver a lot of power much more quickly than a battery can and can often prevent this voltage drop.

Monday, October 13, 2014

Infrared Light Photo Detector Circuit This is a basic infrared light photo detector circuit In this circuit the light falling on the phototransistor

Infrared Light Photo-Detector Circuit

Monday, September 1, 2014

Basic Electrical Upgrades