Wiring & diagram Info: detector

Showing posts with label detector. Show all posts

Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Zero Crossing Detector

Zero Crossing Detector circuit is basically an application of a comparator. In the article series Zero Crossing Detector with Op Amp is built using a comparator of an Op Amp IC741/351. The process of detection of this comparator is mngamati 0Volt input signal crossing point by making reference value at comparator 0Volt. The output of the Zero Crossing Detector circuit with Op Amp is wave-shaped box that mengiterprestasikan teteksi result of the crossroads of 0 volt input signal.

Saturday, November 15, 2014

LIGHT DETECTOR CIRCUIT

Light detectors are one of the most popular sensor and they are commonly found in many real-world applications. They are widely used by electronic hobbyists and projects because they are practical and intriguing yet surprising easy to construct. This will guide and show you how easy it is to make your own light activated Light Emitting Diode (LED) with minimal tools and materials. The whole project is simple. This implementation can be used for an educational demo or applied directly to the practical world.

Parts

Breadboard or PCB Board
A few Jumper Wires
9 Volts Battery
9 Volts Battery Clip
Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)
Light Emitting Diode (LED) with any color of choice
TLC3704 Quad Comparator (only one of its four comparators will be used) (Alternatively, you can use the single LM311N Comparator with 8pin)
3362P-103-ND 10K Ohms Variable Resistor
1K Ohms (Brown-Black-Red) Resistor X2
330 Ohms (Orange-Orange-Brown) Resistor

Circuit Diagram

Working

As its name suggests, a comparator compares two given voltages. The pair of 1K ohms resistors create a voltage divider and provide a 4.5 volts reference for the comparator. The variable resistor and LDR both form another pair for a second voltage divider. When light falls on the LDR, its resistance lowers and that voltage divider provides a voltage lower than 4.5 volts. The comparator produces no output (0 volts). When light is absent, the resistance of the LDR and the voltage increases. When the voltage increases over 4.5, the comparator activates its output and supplies 9 volts to power the LED.

Wednesday, November 12, 2014

Simple Audio Peak Detector

This audio peak detector allows a pair of stereo channels to be monitored on a sin-gle LED. Identical circuitry is used in the left and right channels. Use is made of the switch-ing levels of Schmitt trigger NAND gates inside the familiar 4093 IC. The threshold level for gate IC1.A (IC1.B) is set with the aid of preset P1, which supplies a high-impedance bias level via R2 (R1).

Circuit diagram :

Simple Audio Peak Detector Circuit Diagram

When, owing to the instantaneous level of the audio signal superimposed on the bias voltage by C3 (C2), the dc level at pins 1 and 2 (5 and 6) of the Schmitt trigger gate drops below a certain level, the output of IC1.A (IC1.B) will go High. This level is copied to the input of IC1.C via D2 (D1) and due to the inverting action of IC1.C, LED D3 will light. Network R3-C1 provides some delay to enable very short audio peaks to be reliably indicated. Initially turn the wiper of P1 to the +12 V extreme — LED D3 should remain out.

Then apply ‘line’ level audio to K1 and K3, preferably music with lots of peaks (for example, drum ‘n bass). Carefully adjust P1 until the peaks in the music are indicated by D3. The circuit has double RCA connectors for the left and right channels to obviate the use of those rare and expensive audio splitter (‘Y’) cables.

Monday, October 13, 2014

Audio Detector Circuit

This electronic detector circuit is to do audio detection. The circuit is for detecting one of those 3.6khz (approx) beepers from Radio Shack. The component used is a single IC (LM324 quad op amp) and a handful of parts.

Notes:

The capacitor and resistor on the output of the peak detector are selected to give a reasonable decay time. I.e. so a single pulse doesnt stretch out and be miss-interpreted as an audio signal. I think I sample the output at 100ms intervals and signal a valid sound if three consecutive samples are true.
The only critical parts are the trimmer, capacitors and the 560 ohm resistor in the band pass filter. The diode is not critical: any small diode will do fine.
The trimmer is used to set the center frequency. I just run the beeper and adjust for the strongest output signal.
It uses a condenser mic, surplus. Probably any computer microphone will do. The 4.7K resistor is a typical load for those things.

Authorized by: Larry Barello, See more: Pressure Monitoring.

Infrared Light Photo Detector Circuit This is a basic infrared light photo detector circuit In this circuit the light falling on the phototransistor

Infrared Light Photo-Detector Circuit

This is a basic infrared light photo detector circuit. In this circuit the light falling on the phototransistor will be from an Infrared Light Emitting Diode (IrLED) but otherwise it is the same as the phototransistor circuit shown above.

When the light falling on the phototransistor (Q1) is blocked, its conductance will decrease and the voltage across Q1 will rise. When the voltage rises above 1/2 of the supply voltage the output of the comparator will turn ON and the LED will be lit.

Source: Infrared Light Photo-Detector

Wednesday, September 10, 2014

Sensor and Detector Liquids Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a very simple liquid detector which controls a relay, this gives you the option to be used for hundreds of applications. You can use it as a float switch to turn on the water pump alarm, rain, etc.. He uses a 4093 IC and transistor can be anyone, provided that it meets the power relay. This sensor can be used with Arduino no problem .

Sensor and Detector Liquids Circuit Diagram

Thursday, August 28, 2014

Infrared motion detector circuit

Here is the schema diagram of an infrared motion detector that can be used to sense intrusions.Infra red rays reflected from a static object will be in one phase, and the rays reflected from a moving object will be in another phase.The schema uses this principle to sense the motion.

The IC1 (NE 555) is wired as an astable multivibrator .The IR diode connected at the output of this IC produces infrared beams of frequency 5Khz.These beams are picked by the photo transistor Q1 .At normal condition ie; when there is no intrusion the output pin (7) of IC2 will be low.When there is an intrusion the phase of the reflected waveforms has a difference in phase and this phase difference will be picked by the IC2.Now the pin 7 of the IC 2 goes high to indicate the intrusion.An LED or a buzzer can be connected at the output of the IC to indicate the intrusion.

Notes.

* Comparators IC2a and IC2b are belonging to the same IC2 (LM1458).So the power supply is shown connected only once.No problem.
* When there is disturbance in the air or vehicles passing nearby,the schema may get false triggered.
* POT R5 can be used for sensitivity adjustment.

Monday, August 11, 2014

Intruder Detector Using Laser Torch

Here is a simple, low-cost intruder detector that uses an invisible laser beam to detect the intruder. The laser beam is produced using a 3V DC or 4.5V DC laser pointer or torch that is available in the market. The 3V DC or 4.5V DC power supply for the laser transmitter can also be given using a bridger ectifier or full-wave rectifier.

Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of the complete unit comprising the transmitter and receiver sections. The laser beam from the transmitter after reflection from various mirrors (M1 through M6, as shown in Fig. 1) is made to fall on the photodetector in the receiver schema.

Fig. 1: Block diagram of intruder detector using laser torch

Once the laser beam is positioned, the receiver schema is powered by closing switch S. An alarm unit operating on 230V AC is connected to the relay RL in the receiver schema.

When an intruder interrupts the path of the beam or switches off the laser torch, the alarm unit becomes activated. The alarm unit remains activated until reset switch S is opened. To activate the alarm schema again, reset switch S should be closed. The total distance travelled by the laser beam should be less than 800 m for 4.5V laser torch and 500 m for 3V laser torch.

The schema of the receiver is shown in Fig. 2. When reset switch S is closed, the schema is powered on. As the laser beam falls on the photodetector, transistor T (BC547) conducts, resulting in the collector being pulled down to ground potential. Thus no current flows to the gate of the SCR and it remains off.

Fig. 2: Receiver schema

Once the path of the laser beam is interrupted, the base current of the transistor becomes very low and the transistor is driven to cut-off. Now the current starts to flow through resistor R1 and to the gate of SCR. Hence the SCR is fired and it begins to conduct. Thus relay RL connected to the anode of SCR is switched on and the alarm is activated. The alarm sounds until reset switch S is opened to turn off power to the schema.

EFY Lab note. We tested the schema using only one mirror and found its range to be 25-30 metres. The range depends on the intensity of laser beam falling on the photodetector.

The schema (excluding laser torch and mirrors) costs around Rs 100.

Sourced by : EFY Author : G. Susinder Rajan

Friday, August 8, 2014

Air Flow Detector

Here we have used an incandescent lamp as L1.When the bulb is getting heat the resistance will be increased.As air flows over the filament it cools down, thus lowering its resistance.If you want to see the amount of air flow.You can use a meter for that..And I hope to give you HHO Technology so at that situation this schema will be so usefull Still We do some test on it.

Parts:

C1 47uF Electrolytic Capacitor
R1 100 Ohm 1/4W Resistor
R2 470 Ohm 1/4W Resistor
R3 10k 1/4W Resistor
R4 100K 1/4W Resistor
R5 1K 1/4W Resistor
U1 78L05 Voltage Regulator
U2 LM339 Op Amp
L1 #47 Incandescent lamp with glass removed
D1 LED

Note

# You have to brake the lamp with out removing the filament.