Wiring & diagram Info: inverter

Showing posts with label inverter. Show all posts

Monday, January 26, 2015

12V Flourescent Lamp Inverter

Fluorescent tubes use far less energy than incandescent lamps and fluorescent tubes last a great deal longer as well. Other advantages are diffuse, glare-free lighting and low heat output. For these reasons, fluorescent lighting is the natural choice in commercial and retail buildings, workshops and factories. For battery-powered lighting, fluorescent lights are also the first choice because of their high efficiency. The main drawback with running fluorescent lights from battery power is that an inverter is required to drive the tubes.

12V Fluorescent Lamp Inverter Circuit diagram:

Fig.1: two switch-mode circuits are involved here: the DC-DC inverter involving IC1, Q1 & Q2 and the fluoro tube driver which converts high voltage DC to AC via IC3 and Q3 & Q4 in a totem-pole circuit.

Inverter efficiency then becomes the major issue. There are many commercial 12V-operated fluorescent lamps available which use 15W and 20W tubes. However, it is rare to see one which drives them to full brilliance. For example, a typical commercial dual 20W fluorescent lamp operating from 12V draws 980mA or 11.8W. Ignoring losses in the fluorescent tube driver itself, it means that each tube is only supplied with 5.9W of power which is considerably less than their 20W rating. So while the lamps do use 20W tubes, the light output is well below par.

Warning:

This circuit generates in excess of 300V DC which could be lethal. Construction should only be attempted by those experimenced with mains-level voltages and safety procedures.

Tuesday, November 18, 2014

12VDC to 220V AC 500W Inverter Circuit

Circuit Inverter 500 Watt 12VDC to 220VAC is made using a transistor.

The basiccally of the circuit Inverter 12VDC to 220VAC 500 Watt This is a configuration of 2 pieces of transistors Q1 and Q2 which form a series of Flip-Flop. The output of the flip-flop Q1 and Q2 in the circuit Inverter 12VDC to 220VAC 500 Watt is then broken down for each pulse to complement each other using a series compiled by Q3 and Q4. Output which complement each other is then given to the driver transistors Q5 and Q6 form the transistor 2SC1061. Series Inverter Power Inverter from 12VDC to 220VAC 500 Watt This is a series of parallel transistors Q7 and Q8 are prepared and Q7x and Q8x the form of power with a type 2N3055 transistor 10 pieces. drawing a complete range of circuit Inverter 12VDC to 220VAC 500 Watts can be seen as follows.

Step up part of the Circuit Inverter 12VDC to 220VAC 500 Watt 12V CT uses 12V transformer in the secondary and primary 0 - 220V. Working frequency of the Circuit Inverter 12VDC to 220VAC 500 Watt is determined by the flip-flop which is set to 50 Hz.

Tuesday, October 14, 2014

3000W Power Inverter Circuit 12VDC to 230VAC

Parts list:

R1,R2,R31,R32 = 470k
R3,R10,R12,R18,R30,R36,R37,R38 = 100k
R4,R16 = Poti 50k
R5,R19 = 68k
R6 = 22 k
R7,R11,R13,R29 = 10k
R8,R22 = 2,2 k
R9,R15,R27,R28,R39 = 1M
R14 = 47k
R17 = 3,3M
R20 = 0,001 (see construction plan)
R21,R45 ... R64 = 100 Ohm
R23,R40,R41 = 1k
R24 = 150 Ohm

R33 = 0,1 Ohm / 17 Watt for 3000 Watt output max.
R34,R42 = 150 k
R35 = 470 Ohm
R43 = 4,7k / 0,5 Watt
R25,R26 = 10 Ohm
R44,R45,R46,R47 = 22 Ohm

C1 = 47nF (no ceramic capacitor - frequency stability!)
C2 = obsolete
C3,C25 = 4,7uF
C4,C9,C11,C24,C26 = 0,1uF
C5 = 10000 uF
C6,C7,C10,C14,C23 = 220uF
C8,C12,C20,C22 = 100uF/16Volt
C13 = 220uF/35 V (max. 25 Volt through charge pump)
C15,C16 = 47uF
C17,C18 = 10nF
C19,C21 = 1nF

D1,D2,D3,D5,D6,D9,D14,D15,D16,D18,D20 = 1N 4148
D4 = ZPD 12
D7 = ZPD 5,6
D17,D19 = ZPD 10
D8,D10,D11,D12,D13 = 1N 4001

IC1,IC9,IC10 = TL081
IC2 = CA3130E
IC12,IC13 = LM741
IC3,IC4,IC5,IC6 = 1 x 4093
IC7,IC8 = 1 x 4013
IC11 = 7812

T1,T4 = BCY59 or BC547 (T1 affects the pulse width regulator and thus voltage regulation!)
T2,T3,T11 = BCY79 or BC556
T5,T8,T10 = BS 250 (IRF9Z24N)
T6,T7,T9,T12 = 2 N 7000 (IRFZ24N)
T13... T28 = 16 x IRF 3205

LED1 red, overload protection
LED2 yellow, load detection

Tr1 = 3000 VA
Tr2 = small transformer 1 VA, 230V/6V

F1 = 250 A (100 Amperes for 1000 Watts output)
F2 = 75 degree celsius switch off

Relay1 = 12 V coil, 2 contacts

1 heat sink 200mm x 100 mm

PCB Layout:

Component Placement:

Technical Data:

Supply voltage: 12 Volt
Battery size: depending upon load, otherwise no restriction
Output voltage: 230 Volts rms (square wave voltage with duty cycle Tp=25% "modified sine")
Good for resistive, inductive and "pseudocapacitive" load (e.g. computers)
Efficiency: under full load approx. 95%
Quiescent current of control electronics: approx.. 0.05 A ... 0.1 A
Total: 0.5A to 2,5 A, depending upon quality and max. induction of the used transformer
Pulse width regulation for the stabilization of rms of the output voltage
Current limiter in case of short-circuit an thermal protection
Option: load detection

This 3000W inverter is suitable for:

Electric drills, fret saws, circular saws, electric chain saws, grinders
Vacuum cleaners, coffee machines, irons, dryers, mixers, sewing machines, electric razors, etc.
Lamps, energy-savings lamps
Electronic devices, e.g. music amplifiers, battery chargers
Computers and accessories, UPS
Televisions and radios
Ham radio transmitters, high voltage generators, among other things

Thursday, September 18, 2014

Simple Theremin with Inverter Gates Wiring diagram Schematic

This simple but complete Theremin with Inverter Gates is constructed using only two inverter chip plus one regulator IC. This Theremin schema consist of five functional blocks: power supply regulator, hand controlled oscillator, null oscillator, mixer, and filter. Here is the complete schematic diagram.

Theremin with Inverter Gates schematic diagram

Voltage Regulator and Circuit Protector

The power supply regulator consist of LP2950 regulator IC, which stabilize the voltage from battery to 5V. You can use more popular 7805 IC for this, but since the power consumption of this Theremin schema is very small, then you can use 78L05 which is smaller. CR1 diode is used to protect from inappropriate battery polarity, shorting the battery voltage together with R8 100 Ohm resistor which prevent the large current when the battery is installed in wrong direction. Although the inverter chip will work well for 9V battery, there is a benefit of using voltage regulation to regulate the battery voltage at lower voltage level, that the voltage will remain constant for until the end of battery life. This will avoid frequency drift of the Theremin’s null oscillator which should be carefully adjusted to zero the output frequency, which can be affected by the supply voltage.

Hand Controlled Oscillator

The hand proximity sensor is an oscillator which has antenna extension which shift the capacity coupling in the loop. This capacitance shift occur when we move our hand approaching the antenna. Since this change is very small in percentage, we need this oscillator to be high enough to produce notable frequency difference. This oscillator block is built around U1A, U1B, and U1C. This oscillator give oscillation at around 73kHz. This frequency is not directly audible, we have to process this signal further to produce audible signal.

Null Oscillator

Null oscillator is employed to produce a constant frequency oscillation that will be used to produce differential frequency which is audible. This oscillator block is built around U2A, U2B, and U2C. This null oscillator should be adjustable to set the null point where the Theremin should produce no oscillation at certain hand position. At this point, the null oscillator should be adjusted to have same frequency with the hand controlled oscillator since the audible Theremin output is the product of the difference between hand controlled and null oscillator frequencies.

Frequency Mixer (Differentiator)

The mixer is used to mix the signal from two oscillators, the hand controlled and the null oscillators. This mixer produce an output which contain many frequency components, not only the difference but also the original and the sum, since the amplifier U1F is basically a digital inverter which has non-linear transfer function. Fortunately, all the frequency components, except the difference, will be much higher than the needed signal and inaudible. This make it easy to remove by simple low pass filter to obtain only the differential frequency component.

Low Pass Filter

As stated before, we need to obtain only the audible frequency component by low-pass filtering. Although the high frequencies is inaudible, we still have to remove it since it can cause damage in audio power amplifier is the level is too high. It can distort the audible signal, and it can eat the electric power like ghost, frying your amplifier or at least make it overheated. This Theremin schema use simple low pass filter consist of C4, R5, and R7 for the passive stage, and C2 inside the inverter amp loop.

Sunday, September 14, 2014

Inverter 12V DC to 120 230V DC with IC 555

This DC-to-AC inverter schematic produces an AC output at line frequency and voltage. The 555 is configured as a low-frequency oscillator, tunable over the frequency range of 50 to 60 Hz by Frequency potentiometer R4.

Parts List:
R1 = 10K
R2 = 100K
R3 = 100 ohm
R4 = 50K potmeter, Linear
C1,C2 = 0.1uF
C3 = 0.01uF
C4 = 2700uF
Q1 = TIP41A, NPN, or equivalent
Q2 = TIP42A, PNP, or equivalent
L1 = 1uH
T1 = Filament transformer, your choice

The 555 feeds its output (amplified by Q1 and Q2) to the input of transformer T1, a reverse-connected filament transformer with the necessary step-up turns ratio. Capacitor C4 and coil L1 filter the input to T1, assuring that it is effectively a sine wave. Adjust the value of T1 to your voltage.

The output (in watts) is up to you by selecting different components.

Input voltage is anywhere from +5V to +15Volt DC, adjust the 2700uF caps working voltage accordingly.

Replacement types for Q1 are: TIP41B, TIP41C, NTE196, ECG196, etc. Replacement types for Q2 are: TIP42B, TIP42C, NTE197, ECG197, etc. Dont be afraid to use another type of similar specs, its only a transistor... ;-)

Monday, September 8, 2014

Inverter 5000W with PWM Pulse Width Modulator

Inverter 5000W with PWM

This inverter uses PWM (Pulse Width Modulator) with type IC SG3524. IC serves as a oscillator 50Hz, as a regulator of the desired output voltage. Input power ranging from 250W up to 5000W output and has. Following a series INVERTER 5000W with PWM (Pulse Width Modulator).

Schematic Inverter 5000W with PWM (Pulse Width Modulator)

Layout PCB Inverter 5000W with PWM (Pulse Width Modulator)

below is the output power settings that can be issued by this inverter:
DC voltage and Transformer "T2" winding recommendation:
Winding Power Supply
12VDC 750W P: 24V "12-0-12" / S: 220V
1500W 24VDC P: 48V "24-0-24" / S: 220V
2250w 36VDC P: 72V "36-0-36" / S: 220V
3000w 48VDC P: 96V "48-0-48" / S: 220V
3750w 60VDC P: 120V "60-0-60" / S: 220V
4500w 72VDC P: 144V "72-0-72" / S: 220V
5250w 84VDC P: 168V "84-0-84" / S: 220V

Transformer used is the transformer CT
R1 serves to regulate the voltage to 220v inverter
R2 serves to regulate the inverter output frequency of 50 or 60 Hz (as appropriate)

Wednesday, September 3, 2014

Build a Toggle Touch Switch Using Two Inverter Gates

We can make a simple touch switch using only two inverter gates, two resistors, and two capacitors. The schematic diagram of the schema is shown in the figure below. At power up, the output (of U1A) will be high, and the inverting output will be low because U1A gate will be triggered to ground level by C2. After triggered, the low level of U1A input is maintained by U1B output via R2.

Toggle Touch Switch Using Two Inverter Gates Circuit Diagram

If we touch the pad at this condition, where the output is high, then the U1A input will go high because we “short” the voltage of C1 to the input pin, and the low level previously caused by low level of U1B output voltage connected via R2 can’t be maintained because our skin resistance is much lower than 10M.

After U1A input goes high then U1A output will go low, and now U1B will go high to maintain high voltage level of U1A via R2, so we can release our finger without loosing the last state. Touching the pad again after we release our previous touching will toggle the output as the condition is reversed.

After we touch the pad, we have to release before 1 second (R2C2 time constant) elapsed. If we touch the pad longer than R2C2 time constant then the output will oscillate (about 1 Hz).