Showing posts with label supply. Show all posts
Showing posts with label supply. Show all posts
Tuesday, November 18, 2014
Power Supply with Z2C Tubes
Power supply with Z2C tubes are designed specifically to provide power supply voltage to the EL-34 tube amplifier push-pull in the previous article. Power supply with Z2C tube to tube power amplifier is made with a tube rectifier Z2C. Just as the power supply for power amplifier tube before, the power supply is also using 3-level filter with electrolytic capacitors. Circuit power supply with tube rectifier Z2C can give +210 VDC output voltage.
Power supply with Z2C tube is a power supply that can be used as a replacement power supply for power amplifier with a diode tube
Sunday, November 16, 2014
UPS Power Supply
UPS Power Supply For in this article is the power supply that is often applied in the system electronics which adopted the principle of the UPS . By adopting the principle of the UPS , the circuit power supply is still able to work even though there is no AC voltage source. For UPS Power Supply circuit consists of lowering the voltage, rectifier, charger , batery and regulators . The technique is applied from UPS on the power supply is the use of batery and charger is connected dengang direct coupling with a series diode. For more details can be seen with the following image.
The rectifier in series UPS Power Supply For this to function also as a charger via D1. D3 function is to drain-source voltage of the rectifier to the series regulator when there is an AC voltage source. D2 serves to drain the batery when the source voltage from AC voltage source does not exist. batery configuration and diode D1, D2 and D3 is adopted from the UPS system . may be useful and can provide inspiration on all in making backups on the system power supply voltage.
Wednesday, November 12, 2014
UC3844 Design Circuit Multi Output Power Supply
This article below shows Multi Output Power Supply Circuit Design using UC3844. It is designed for power over ethernet applications (POE) or receiver end. The UC3844 acts as the isolated flyback converter which its current mode controller set to operate at 200kHz.
Together with LX1752 which generates the step down dual outputs, this power supply circuitry may have features such 36V to 57V input range, 13W input, adjustable output voltages using external resistors, isolated flyback output, step down switching regulator and power device interface.
See completely about Multi Output Power Supply Circuit Design using UC3844 here (source: microsemi.com)
Saturday, November 8, 2014
Low Voltage Power Supply Without Transformer
The circuit diagram was designed to create a power supply without utilizing any transformer circuit. This circuit illustrates the advantages as well as the safety precautions to keep in mind.
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Power supplies are devices accustomed to provide electrical or other sort of energy to a load or cluster of load. A type of power supply that makes use of a transformer is the AC powered linear power supply. The voltage from the wall socket is converted by the transformer to produce a normally lower voltage. Switched-mode and AC/DC power supplies are the types that does not utilize the presence of transformers. These transformers are responsible for transmitting electrical supply from one circuit to another through its coils (windings).
Designing a transformerless power supply makes it more suitable for smaller installations, in any location, where the area may be limited. The circuit can manage the high current coming from the mains by supplying 12 Volts at 20mA. The reason behind using capacitive reactance rather than resistance is the fact the the type of current flowing into the circuit is alternating. It can also be used with fluctuating DC supply. The reactance adapts with the way the components react in the circuit in terms of frequencies. A fusible resistor can also be used to provide more safety.
As an output device, optical sensors are preferred by measuring the intensity change of light when the power is increased among other controllers like temperature controllers, light switches or timers. The capacitor C1 are connected across the mains supply to act as restrainer. These capacitors are usually tagged with safety standard measures, although they are usually more expensive type rather than ordinary capacitors. Placing two capacitors in parallel or increasing the value can give way to additional current.
The two zener diodes are responsible for supplying the low voltage because these types of diodes controls the output by setting their breakdown or desired voltage, as they flow to the rectifier. The rectifier is responsible for converting the AC to DC. Opposite conversion form DC to AC uses an inverter. If the circuit would require an output higher than 40mA, transformers would be more significant to use.
The comparison between transformerless and transformer-based power supplies is not easy to identify due to the technologies that each one offers in the market. But the primary difference between the two are the physical dimension, noise, efficiency and the intensity of harmonic distortion that they produce.
Source:www.zen22142.zen.co.uk
Read More..
Power supplies are devices accustomed to provide electrical or other sort of energy to a load or cluster of load. A type of power supply that makes use of a transformer is the AC powered linear power supply. The voltage from the wall socket is converted by the transformer to produce a normally lower voltage. Switched-mode and AC/DC power supplies are the types that does not utilize the presence of transformers. These transformers are responsible for transmitting electrical supply from one circuit to another through its coils (windings).
Designing a transformerless power supply makes it more suitable for smaller installations, in any location, where the area may be limited. The circuit can manage the high current coming from the mains by supplying 12 Volts at 20mA. The reason behind using capacitive reactance rather than resistance is the fact the the type of current flowing into the circuit is alternating. It can also be used with fluctuating DC supply. The reactance adapts with the way the components react in the circuit in terms of frequencies. A fusible resistor can also be used to provide more safety.
As an output device, optical sensors are preferred by measuring the intensity change of light when the power is increased among other controllers like temperature controllers, light switches or timers. The capacitor C1 are connected across the mains supply to act as restrainer. These capacitors are usually tagged with safety standard measures, although they are usually more expensive type rather than ordinary capacitors. Placing two capacitors in parallel or increasing the value can give way to additional current.
The two zener diodes are responsible for supplying the low voltage because these types of diodes controls the output by setting their breakdown or desired voltage, as they flow to the rectifier. The rectifier is responsible for converting the AC to DC. Opposite conversion form DC to AC uses an inverter. If the circuit would require an output higher than 40mA, transformers would be more significant to use.
The comparison between transformerless and transformer-based power supplies is not easy to identify due to the technologies that each one offers in the market. But the primary difference between the two are the physical dimension, noise, efficiency and the intensity of harmonic distortion that they produce.
Source:www.zen22142.zen.co.uk
Simple Mini Bench Supply
Every electronics engineer is familiar with the anxiety of the moment when power is first applied to a newly-built circuit, wondering whether hours of work are about to be destroyed in a puff of smoke. A high-quality power supply with an adjustable current limit function is an excellent aid to steadying the nerves. Unfortunately power supplies with good regulation performance are expensive and homebrew construction is not always straightforward. Many of the ‘laboratory power supplies’ currently on the market are low-cost units based on switching regulators which, although certainly capable of delivering high currents, have rather poor ripple performance. Large output capacitors (which, in the case of a fault, will discharge into your circuit) and voltage over-shoot are other problems.
The power supply described here is a simple unit, easily constructed from standard components. It is only suitable for small loads but otherwise has all the characteristics of its bigger brethren. Between 18 V and 24 V is applied to the input, for example from a laptop power supply. This avoids the need for an expensive transformer and accompanying smoothing. No negative supply is needed, but the output voltage is nevertheless adjustable down to 0 V.
A difficulty in the design of power supplies with current limiting is the shunt resistor needed to measure the output current, normally connected to a differential amplifier. Frequently in simple designs the amplifier is not powered from a regulated supply, which can lead to an unstable current regulation loop. This circuit avoids the difficulty by using a low-cost fixed voltage regulator to supply the feedback circuit with a stable voltage. This arrangement greatly simplifies current measurement and regulation.
Mini Bench Supply Circuit Diagram
To generate this intermediate supply volt-age we use an LM7815. Its output passes through R17, which measures the output current, to MOSFET T1 which is driven by the voltage regulation opamp IC1C. Here R11 and C4 determine the bandwidth of the control loop, preventing oscillation at high frequencies. R15 ensures that capacitive loads with low effective resistance do not make the control loop unstable.
The negative feedback of AC components of the current via R12 and C5 makes the circuit reliable even with a large capacitor at its output, and negative feedback of the DC component is via the low-pass filter formed by R14 and C6. This ensures that the volt-age drop across R15 is correctly compensated for. C7 at the output provides a low impedance source for high-frequency loads, and R16 provides for the discharge of C17 when the set voltage is reduced with no load attached.
Current regulation is carried out by IC1D. Again to ensure stability, the bandwidth of the feedback loop is restricted by R19 and C8. If the voltage dropped across R17 exceeds the value set by P2, the current limit function comes into action and T2 begins to conduct. This in turn reduces the input voltage to the voltage regulation circuit until the desired current is reached. R7, R9 and C3 ensure that current regulation does not lead to output voltage over-shoots and that resonance does not occur with inductive loads.
The controls of the power supply are all voltage-based. This means, for example¸ that P1 and P2 can be replaced by digital-to-analogue converters or digital potentiometers so that the whole unit can be driven by a microcontroller. IC1B acts as a buffer to ensure that the dynamic characteristics of the circuit are not affected by the setting of P1. IC1A is used as a comparator whose out-put is used to drive two LEDs that indicate whether the supply is in voltage regulation or current regulation mode. If D2 lights the supply is in constant voltage mode; if D1 lights it is in constant current mode, for example if the output has been short-circuited. The power supply thus boasts all the features of a top-class bench supply.IC1A and its surrounding circuitry can be dispensed with if the mode indication is not wanted.
A type LM324 operational amplifier is suggested as, in contrast to many other similar devices, it operates reliably with input voltages down to 0 V. Other rail-to-rail opamps could equally well be used. The particular n-channel MOSFET devices used are not critical: a BUZ21, IRF540, IRF542 or 2SK1428 could be used for T1, for example, and a BS170 could be used in place of the 2N7002. The capacitors should all be rated for a voltage of 35 V or higher, and R15 and R17 must be at least 0.5 W types. The fixed voltage regulator and T1 must both be equipped with an adequate heatsink. If they are mounted on the same heatsink, they must be isolated from it as the tabs of the two devices are at different potentials.
Author : Alexander Mumm - Copyright : Elektor
Friday, November 7, 2014
230 V AC To 400 V DC Power Supply Circuit Diagram
Description A lot of students are who dont know how to convert 230 volt AC to 400 DC. So today I am published 230 V AC to 400 V DC circuit diagram on my blog. Working principle of this circuit diagram is very simple. You already knew the working principle of a bridge rectifier. This circuit is same as bridge rectifier and the working principle is also same. The fuse is used to protect the circuit, if the current is greater than 1 A.
Parts List
Parts List
| Component No: | Value |
| F1 | 1 A |
| B1 | IN4007 |
| C1 | 470MF/450V |
| V1 | 230 V AC |
Friday, October 17, 2014
13 8 Volt 10 Amp Power Supply
Sometimes amateurs like to home-brew their power supplies instead of purchasing one off the shelf at any of the major ham radio retail dealers. The advantage to rolling your own power supply is that it teaches us how they work and makes it easier to troubleshoot and repair other power supply units in the shack. It should be noted that there is no real cost advantage to building your own power supply unless you can get a large power transformer and heat sink for a super low price. Of course rolling our own gives us the ability to customize the circuit and make it even more reliable than commercial units. The circuit in Figure 1 will give us 10 amps (12 amps surge) with performance that equals or exceeds any commercial unit. The circuit even has a current limiting feature which is a more reliable system than most commercial units have. Just like other commercial units, this circuit uses the LM723 IC which gives us excellent voltage regulation. The circuit uses 3 pass transistors which must be heat sinked. Resistor R9 allows the fine tuning of the voltage to exactly 13.8 volts and the resistor network formed by resistors R4 through R7 controls the current limiting. The LM723 limits the current when the voltage drop across R5 approaches .7 volts. To reduce costs, most commercial units rely on the HFE of the pass transistors to determine the current limiting. The fault in that system is that the HFE of the pass transistors actually increases when the transistors heat up and risks a thermal runaway condition causing a possible failure of the pass transistors. Because this circuit samples the collector current of the pass transistors, thermal runaway is not a problem in this circuit making it a much more reliable power supply. The only adjustment required is setting R9 to the desired output voltage of anywhere between 10 and 14 volts. You may use a front panel mounted 1K potentiometer for this purpose if desired. Resistor R1 only enhances temperature stability and can be eliminated if desired by connecting pins 5 and 6 of IC-1 together. Although it really isn’t needed due to the type of current limiting circuit used, over voltage protection can be added to the circuit by connecting the circuit of Figure 2 to Vout. The only way over voltage could occur is if transistors Q2 or Q3 were to fail with a collector to emitter short. Although collector to emitter shorts do happen, it is more much more likely that the transistors will open up when they fail.
I actually tested this and purposely destroyed several 2N3055’s by shorting the emitters to ground. In all cases the transistors opened up and no collector to emitter short occurred in any transistor. In any event, the optional circuit in Figure 2 will give you that extra peace of mind when a very expensive radio is used with the power supply. The circuit in Figure 2 senses when the voltage exceeds 15 volts and causes the zener diode to conduct. When the zener diode conducts, the gate of the SCR is turned on and causes the SCR to short which blows the 15 amp fuse and shuts off the output voltage. A 2N6399 (Tech America) was used for the SCR in the prototype but any suitable SCR can be used. While over voltage protection is a good idea, it should not be considered a substitute for large heat sinks. I personally feel the best protection from over voltage is the use of large heat sinks and a reliable current limiting circuit. Be sure to use large heat sinks along with heat sink grease for the 2N3055 transistors. I have used this power supply in my shack for several months on all kinds of transceivers from HF, VHF to UHF with excellent results and absolutely no hum. This power supply will be a welcome addition to your shack and will greatly enhance your knowledge of power supplies.
Parts List
R1 1.5K ¼ Watt Resistor (optional, tie pins 6 & 5 of IC1 together if not used.)
R2,R3 0.1 Ohm 10 Watt Resistor (Tech America 900-1002)
R4 270 Ohm ¼ Watt Resistor
R5 680 Ohm ¼ Watt Resistor
R6,R7 0.15 Ohm 10 Watt Resistor (Tech America 900-1006)
R8 2.7K ¼ Watt Resistor
R9 1K Trimmer Potentiometer (RS271-280)
R10 3.3K ¼ Watt Resistor
C1,C2,C3,C4 4700 Microfarad Electrolytic Capacitor 35 Volt (observe polarity)
C5 100 Picofarad Ceramic Disk Capacitor
C6 1000 Microfarad Electrolytic Capacitor 25 Volt (observe polarity)
IC1 LM723 (RS276-1740) Voltage Regulator IC. Socket is recommended.
Q1 TIP3055T (RS276-2020) NPN Transistor (TO-220 Heat Sink Required)
Q2,Q3 2N3055 (RS276-2041) NPN Transistor (Large TO-3 Heat Sink Required)
S1 Any SPST Toggle Switch
F1 3 Amp Fast Blow Fuse
D1-D4 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier (RS276-1185)
T1 18 Volt, 10 Amp Transformer Hammond #165S18 (Tech America 900-5825)
Thursday, October 16, 2014
Variable 5 to 20V DC Supply Circuit Diagram
If you are looking for a low drop voltage regulator that can provide a power supply of 1A with an output voltage of between 5V and 20V DC, National Semiconductor LM2941 Low Dropout Adjustable Regulator is that you can pick to make use of. Its a typical dropout voltage of 0.5V which means that the input supply need only must be 0.5V DC over the desired output voltage. Its other features include internal short circuit current limit and reverse battery protection.
As shown in the schematic below, the regulator has five pins which consists of the ON/OFF control, Input Voltage, Output Voltage, Ground & Adjustable pins. ON/OFF is used for the purpose of switching on & off of the regulator. The capacitors C1 & E1 are to be placed as close as feasible to the regulator.
Variable 5 to 20V DC Supply Circuit Diagram
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Variable 5 to 20V DC Supply Circuit Diagram
The output of the circuit can be varied by varying the worth of potentiometer VR1 from 5V DC to 20V DC. The input voltage is limited from five.5V DC to 30V DC. Resistor R1 must be greater than 1K. The worth of the VR1 that needs to be set is calculated from the formula given below:
If R1=1K, Vout = 5V, VR1 should be set to 2.9K ohm.
If R1=1K, Vout = 20V, VR1 should be set to 14.7K ohm
Sunday, September 14, 2014
Self switching Power Supply
This is so useful schema for you all. because this schema switches itself off when no load is connected across its output terminals so you can prevent from over lording and form lots of electrical problems.According to the out put of IC 7805 you can get the voltage that you want..Maximum voltage is 12v (250MA)...
Monday, September 8, 2014
Build a 5V 0 5A Power Supply Wiring diagram Schematic
The 5V 0.5A Power Supply Circuit Diagram is essentially a constant source modified by the feedback components R2 and R3 to give a constant voltage output. The output of the ZN424E need only be 2 volts above the negative rail, by placing the load in the collector of the output transistor Tr2. The current 5V 0.5A Power Supply Circuit Diagram is achieved by Trl and R5. This simple schema has the following performance characteristics: Output noise and ripple (full load) = 1 mV rms. Load regulation (0 to 0 A) = 0%. Temperature coefficient — ± 100 ppm/°C. Current limit = 05 A.
5V 0.5A Power Supply Circuit Diagram
Saturday, August 30, 2014
Bipolar Power supply for Battery Instruments Circuits Wiring diagram
Bipolar Power supply for Battery Instruments Circuits Diagram. To generate regulated ± 5-V supplies from a pair of dry batteries, the schema of Fig. 1 is commonly used. In order to give protection from inadvertent reverse connection of a battery, a diode in series with each battery would produce an unacceptable voltage drop. The more effective approach is to fit diodes Dl and D2 as shown in Fig. 2, in parallel with each battery.
When the supply is switched off, there is the risk of a reverse bias being applied across the regulators, if there is significant inductance or capacitance in the load schema.Diodes across the regulators prevent damage. When the power supply is switched on, the two switches do not act in unison. There is a probability that one or the other regulators will be latched hard off by the other. To prevent this, D3 and D4 are Zener diodes so that ± 5-V rails are pulled up by the batteries until the regulators establish the correct levels.
Bipolar Power supply for Battery Instruments Circuits Diagram
5W Audio Amplifier With Ac Power Supply
This general-purpose low-power (5 W) audio amplifier is suitable for driving a spaker
5W Audio Amplifier With Ac Power Supply Circuit Diagram
5W Audio Amplifier With Ac Power Supply Circuit Diagram
of approximately 8 to 12 inches. A Sanyo LA4460 IC is used as the audio output IC. The schema consists of a loudness control, driver amplifier Ql, and bass and treble controls of about ±10 dB boost/cut. It should be useful in a wide variety of situations. Either the ac supply shown can be used, or a 12 Vdc supply can be connected to points A&B (positive) and C (negative). Two of these diagram, using ganged potentiometers at R2, R7, and Rll can be used for stereo applications. T1 is a 12-V 1-amp plug-in transformer. Notice that IC1 must be heatsinked. Power output is about 5 W. A 4` 2` 0.050` aluminum heatsink should be adequate.
Thursday, August 21, 2014
Power supply circuit suitable with high power amplifier
The Power supply circuit suitable with high power amplifier is well designed for large power amplifier circuit and amplifier circuit also requires protection quickly enough so as not to damage because of the power supply is less than the maximum performance or because of a short-circuit on a series of power supply and amplifier. Power supply circuit suitable with high power amplifier is equipped with a fuse, with earth protective chassis. So save on the amplifier and voltage shock to the chassis. In addition to the Power supply circuit suitable with high power amplifier the hum of voices issued almost non-existent because of the high frequency transformer has been issued because of grounded disappeared.
In a multichannel amplifier, power supply will fell into one of three types. In order rising costs, and expected decreases the interaction between the channels, namely:
1. Transformer, rectifiers, and reservoir capacitors are shared between channels.
2. Each channel has its own transformer secondary, rectifiers, and reservoirs. There is one
transformer core and primary, but only together.
3. Each channel has its own transformer, rectifiers, and reservoirs. Nothing except perhaps that electricity and electrical switch split.
Tuesday, August 19, 2014
36V Output L200 Power Supply Circuit
Description
Power supply with variable voltage and fixed current regulation made using the ubiquitous L200C regulator.
Notes
The versatile 5 pin L200C regulator offers both voltage and current regulation in a single package. The IC also features thermal shutdown and input over voltage protection up to 60 Vdc. The package is also available as L200CV which has straight pins for mounting onto a PCB. The above schema has current limiting of 1 amp, hence Rsc = 0.45 ohm. The output voltage is variable from 2.85V to 36V. For voltages up to 36V then the input voltage, Vcc must be 40V. The supply voltage must always a few volts higher than the maximum output voltage. If you wanted to make a 9 Volt current limited PSU then the input voltage should be a minimum of 12 Volts.
Maximum Power Dissipation
The L200 has internal limiting to reduce the amount of heat dissipation. This happens when the internal junction temperature reaches 150 °C. The datasheet has a graph of the safe operating area, but if drawing maximum output current of 2 amp, the input voltage minus output voltage difference must be less than 20 Volts.
Specifications:
DC Input Voltage: 40V max.
Peak Input Voltage: 60V max. for 10ms
Output Voltage Range: 2.85 to 36V
Output Current Range: 0.1 to 2A
Quiescent Current: 4.2mA
Output Noise: 80uV
The L200 regulator has many versions; L200, L200C, L200CH, L200CV. These are in fact all the same regulator. The main differences between variations are the thermal junction temperature and pinout.
For the L200, the operating junction temperature is -55 to 150 °C
The L200C operating junction temperature is -25 to 150 °C.
The V stands for vertical and is the most common case style; available as a pentawatt package, shown right hand side. The H stands for horizontal and the pins of the L200 are bent at right angles for PCB mounting. The L200T and L200CT are also available but as a TO3-4 layout, this pinout can be seen in the datasheet, link below
Power supply with variable voltage and fixed current regulation made using the ubiquitous L200C regulator.
Notes
The versatile 5 pin L200C regulator offers both voltage and current regulation in a single package. The IC also features thermal shutdown and input over voltage protection up to 60 Vdc. The package is also available as L200CV which has straight pins for mounting onto a PCB. The above schema has current limiting of 1 amp, hence Rsc = 0.45 ohm. The output voltage is variable from 2.85V to 36V. For voltages up to 36V then the input voltage, Vcc must be 40V. The supply voltage must always a few volts higher than the maximum output voltage. If you wanted to make a 9 Volt current limited PSU then the input voltage should be a minimum of 12 Volts.
Maximum Power Dissipation
The L200 has internal limiting to reduce the amount of heat dissipation. This happens when the internal junction temperature reaches 150 °C. The datasheet has a graph of the safe operating area, but if drawing maximum output current of 2 amp, the input voltage minus output voltage difference must be less than 20 Volts.
Specifications:
DC Input Voltage: 40V max.
Peak Input Voltage: 60V max. for 10ms
Output Voltage Range: 2.85 to 36V
Output Current Range: 0.1 to 2A
Quiescent Current: 4.2mA
Output Noise: 80uV
The L200 regulator has many versions; L200, L200C, L200CH, L200CV. These are in fact all the same regulator. The main differences between variations are the thermal junction temperature and pinout.
For the L200, the operating junction temperature is -55 to 150 °C
The L200C operating junction temperature is -25 to 150 °C.
The V stands for vertical and is the most common case style; available as a pentawatt package, shown right hand side. The H stands for horizontal and the pins of the L200 are bent at right angles for PCB mounting. The L200T and L200CT are also available but as a TO3-4 layout, this pinout can be seen in the datasheet, link below
Saturday, August 9, 2014
10 Amp 13 8 Volt Power Supply
10 Amp 13.8 Volt Power Supply Circuit
10 Amp 13.8 Volt Power Supply Parts List :
R1 1.5K ¼ Watt Resistor (optional, tie pins 6 & 5 of IC1 together if not used.)
R2,R3 0.1 Ohm 10 Watt Resistor (Tech America 900-1002)
R4 270 Ohm ¼ Watt Resistor
R5 680 Ohm ¼ Watt Resistor
R6,R7 0.15 Ohm 10 Watt Resistor (Tech America 900-1006)
R8 2.7K ¼ Watt Resistor
R9 1K Trimmer Potentiometer (RS271-280)
R10 3.3K ¼ Watt Resistor
C1,C2,C3,C4 4700 Microfarad Electrolytic Capacitor 35 Volt (observe polarity)
C5 100 Picofarad Ceramic Disk Capacitor
C6 1000 Microfarad Electrolytic Capacitor 25 Volt (observe polarity)
IC1 LM723 (RS276-1740) Voltage Regulator IC. Socket is recommended.
Q1 TIP3055T (RS276-2020) NPN Transistor (TO-220 Heat Sink Required)
Q2,Q3 2N3055 (RS276-2041) NPN Transistor (Large TO-3 Heat Sink Required)
S1 Any SPST Toggle Switch
F1 3 Amp Fast Blow Fuse
D1-D4 Full Wave Bridge Rectifier (RS276-1185)
T1 18 Volt, 10 Amp Transformer Hammond #165S18 (Digi-Key HM538-ND)
Friday, August 8, 2014
Simple Regulated 12 Volt Supply
This is a Simple Regulated 12 Volt Supply schema Diagram. Quickly find a reliable and cost effective a simple regulated 12 Volt power supply
Regulated 12 Volt Supply schema Diagram
Notes:
This schema above uses a 13 volt zener diode, D2 which provides the voltage regulation. Approximately 0.7 Volts are dropped across the transistors b-e junction, leaving a higher current 12.3 Volt output supply. This schema can supply loads of up to 500 mA. This schema is also known as an amplified zen-er schema.
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